Start Date for Winter Term: January 3rd 2012
Location: MOR 220
When: Tuesdays and Thursdays: 12.00 to 1.20 pm
Office Hours: 2pm to 4pm Thursday
Overview of course:
The course gives an introduction to linear and non-linear systems analysis and control systems with biological and medical applications. The class starts with an introduction to modeling with examples taken from physiological, (bio)chemical, fluidic and electrical systems. The course then continues with a more general study of linear and non-linear systems using ordinary differential equations that includes for example a study of numerical methods, software applications, transfer functions, feedback control, transient and steady state responses, phase portraits, system linearization and chaotic systems. The course is motivated with examples taken from biochemical control, synthetic biology and physiological systems.
Teaching Style
The individual lecture periods are a little long and are also over lunch break – the worst of two worlds. The teaching style for this class will therefore be a little different. If you wish you can bring your lunch with you to class. To break up the time, the class will be made up of segments of lecture and group exercises. Groups should be no more than three people and the exercises may involve problem solving, math problems or simulation on your personal computer. To make up for lost lecture time, online videos will also be posted for to watch as homework. The videos will be a combination of new videos and existing videos from the internet. The first ten minutes or so of every Thursday will be reserved for a speed quiz which will be graded. There will be the usual mid term and final end of term exam.
Brief Syllabus Summary:
| Week | Topics |
| 1 | Introduction to Systems Theory |
| 2 | Model Behavior and Examples |
| 3 | The Mathematics of Continuous/Deterministic Systems |
| 4 | Computer Modeling and Visualization Techniques |
| 5 | Introduction to Feedback Control |
| 6 | PID Control and Reverse Engineering Techniques |
| 7 | Fundamental Aspects of Control in Biochemical Systems |
| 8 | Linear, Branched, Feedback, Feed forward and Amplifier Systems |
| 9 | Oscillators, Bistability and Other Emergent Behaviors |
| 10 | Nonlinear Systems: Chaos and other Exotic Behavior |
A more detail syllabus is given here Syllabus for 336 Bioengineering (v1.2)
Course Materials
Possible Text Books for Reference:
Circuits, Signals, and Systems for Bioengineers: A MATLAB-Based Introduction by Semmlow
This is has a reasonable straightforward introduction to linear control systems but the author places much emphasis on electrical systems.
Feedback Systems An Intro for Scientists and Engineers (Astrom and Murray)
This book offer a nice introduction to linear control systems and feedback specifically for scientists and engineers. It comes with examples taken from different areas include some biological. This book is also available for free in PDF format.
Week 1 and 2
- Twelve class questions, form teams of no more than three people.
- Eight homework questions
- Eight homework videos
- Videos:
- MONIAC
- Actual Moniac in Operation
- Cartoon version of the MONIAC
- Wikipedia Page on the MONIAC
- Antikythera Mechanism
- Nature Video
- Optional Nature Paper
- Electric Models
- Electricity Refresher
- RC Circuits: The Differentiator
- RC Circuits: The Integrator
- Op Amp Circuit Analysis: Non-Inverting Amplifier
- Models
- Linear and NonLinear Equations
- Introduction to Linearization
- One graded speed quiz (Tuesday Morning of Week 2)
Laplace Transform Review Video:
- What is the Laplace Transform? (47 mins)
- Using the Laplace Transform to Solve ODEs (51 mins)
- Simple Example of Evaluating a Transform (8 mins)
- Stream Engine Governor in Operation
Week 3
- Speed quiz on linearity and linearization
- Notes on System States
- Notes on Laplace Transforms (v1.31)
- Homework: finish the simulations from class assignments, hand in Tuesday week 4
- Introduction to the Steady State, Perturbation and Introduction to Stability (v1.01)
- Summary of Common Signal Types (v1.3, update Feb 20, 2012)
- Example Models Cast in the State Space Representation (v1.0)
- First Order Systems (v1.21)
- Solutions to Homogeneous Linear ODEs (v1.1)
- Assignment below (also given in first-order document above) – due next Thursday (26th of January)
Consider the following two species biochemical pathway,
are parameters,
and
variables:
![Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com \[\xrightarrow{v_o} y_1 \xrightarrow{k_1\ y_1} y_2 \xrightarrow{k_2\ y_2}\]](http://sys-bio.org/wp-content/ql-cache/quicklatex.com-6efaa9b68e8d2ee39a28e8aaebe2b0c7_l3.png)
with ODEs:
![Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com \begin{align*}\frac{dy_1}{dt} &= v_o - k_1 y_1 \\[8pt]\frac{dy_2}{dt} &= k_1 y_1 - k_2 y_2\end{align*}](http://sys-bio.org/wp-content/ql-cache/quicklatex.com-013f0430a49cbfcec5838f642f21fe74_l3.png)
Derive the free, forced and full Laplace and time-domain solutions for this system for both variables,
and
in response to a step function in
.
Week 4
- No speed quiz this week
- Numerical Methods
- Visualization Techniques, see notes below
- Phase Portrait Viewer from the d’Arbeloff Interactive Math Project – requires Java installed
- Wolfram Phase Portrait Viewer – required Msathematica CDF Installed
- Programmable Interactive Simulator (DField and PPlane) - requires Java (Matlab version also available I believe)
- Visualize Simulations (v1.1)
- The big Assignment <- This was updated on Feb 6 at 12.50pm (Correction to question 7c, input function no longer discontinuous)
Chapter 4 (Dynamic Behavior), 5 (Linear Systems), 8 (Transfer Function)
Week 5
No Speed Quiz this week
- Notes on feedback control (v1.0)
- Notes on transfer functions and convolution (v1.31)
- Paper: A Frequency Domain Approach to Sensitivity Analysis of Biochemical Networks
Week 6
No Speed Quiz this week
- PID Controller Demo (For Windows)
Mid Term Exam on Thursday: 9th of February
A crib sheet in the form of a double sided letter page is permitted in the midterm.
Mid Term Topics
1. Different kinds of modeling approaches, mathematical and non-mathematical
2. Different ways of implement a model and obtaining solutions
3. The purpose of a model, what is a model?
4. Defining the parameters and state variables in a model
5. Electrical models and analog computers
6. Linear and nonlinear models
7. Linearization
8. Review of Laplace transforms to solve ODEs
9. System states: Equilibrium, steady state and transient states
10. Effects of different kinds of perturbations (state variables and parameters)
11. Signal types
12. State space representation
13. Linearization yields the state space model
14. Laplace transform of the state space model
15. Transfer functions
16. Free and forced responses
17. The free response and the transfer function
18. Solution to dx/dt = A x in terms of exponentials and relation to stability
19. Simple first-order systems
20. Visualization: Phase protraits, nullclines and bifurcation plots
21. Numerical methods for ODEs and solving nonlinear equations, f(x) = 0
22. Feedback Control, benefits and costs
23. Frequency Response and Bode plots
24. Phase shifts and onset of instability in feedback systems
Week 7
- Going over the big assignment and the Midterm
- Big Assignment Answers
- Midterm Answers
No speed quiz this week
Assignments:
Watch the following videos, there will be a speed quiz next Tuesday (28th Feb) :
The Impulse Signal
Introduction to Convolution
Video on computing the convolution for a given function
Also see notes from week 5 on Transfer Function and Convolution
Introduction to Small Signal Analysis of Networks (0.92)
Week 9
Speed quiz this week on convolution
Practice Exercises (v1.15, includes solutions)
Week 10
An introduction to some of the behaviors exhibited by nonlinear systems
Week 11
Possible project instead of Exam - by a very narrow margin, the exam is the preferred option.
Final Exam: March 15, 2012,1030-1220, MOR 220
Grading:
25% Midterm
25% Comprehensive Final Exam
20% Speed Quiz
30% Homework



